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Wednesday, 15 May 2013
Water and dairy in New Zealand By Harry Dennison
Dairy
farming is not the only cause of water pollution in New Zealand but it is one
of the large contributors. The problem with dairy is not just the dumping of
effluent into our rivers, but the leaching of the nitrate and urine of the soil
and into rivers. Although Fonterra does dump large amounts of effluent into the
Manawatu River it is still being allowed, they argued that it would cost too
much to dispose of it through pipes on land, even though it would only be a
small percentage of their multimillion dollar profit. Not all dairy farming causes pollution; if the
effluent is spread back onto the paddocks or stored in ponds then it will not
pollute the rivers and streams. If you spread urea or even the urine from the
cows can leach into rivers or streams if they are close. Unfortunately more and
more dairy farmers are discharging their effluent into rivers as shown on the
graph below.
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Why do we need water? By Jordan Smith
Because water makes up to 70% of a fully grown adult’s body weight,
it’s essential that we regularly replenish the amount of water lost through urinating,
sweating and even talking, good thing though that we can replenish up to
1.5litres in one meal. Without water we would dehydrate beginning with
headaches, tiredness and loss of concentration and some cases constipation and
in the long term, kidney stones.
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http://www.google.co.nz/search?q=drinking%20water&safe=on&um=1&ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=Xh2UUYuCAYHUkwXvtYDYBA&biw=944&bih=929&sei=Yh2UUePtI9CUiAfzhIDwAg#imgrc=yIpM6soVsPv_jM%3A%3BDZjS0Mra6qb-NM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fthumbs.dreamstime.com%252Fz%252Forange-cat-drinking-water-14417596.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.dreamstime.com%252Froyalty-free-stock-image-orange-cat-drinking-water-image14417596%3B800%3B534
Without water, not one living thing on earth would survive. It
irrigates our lands to grow the food that we eat or to stop the garden at your
house withering and dying. It also produces 57% of New Zealand’s total power
generation. Water also makes it easier for intercontinental transport of goods
on boats as; it is also cheaper to do so than flying, at the cost of time it
takes to reach its destination.
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http://www.google.co.nz/search?q=drinking%20water&safe=on&um=1&ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=Xh2UUYuCAYHUkwXvtYDYBA&biw=944&bih=929&sei=Yh2UUePtI9CUiAfzhIDwAg#imgrc=yIpM6soVsPv_jM%3A%3BDZjS0Mra6qb-NM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fthumbs.dreamstime.com%252Fz%252Forange-cat-drinking-water-14417596.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.dreamstime.com%252Froyalty-free-stock-image-orange-cat-drinking-water-image14417596%3B800%3B534
The Science of Water By Josh Hardy and Jackson Henneveld
The way we portray the chemical compound of H20, or water is
quite fascinating. We highly value water on this earth as a way of living and a
specific requisite of longevity. The molecular structure of the water molecule
is riveting. One molecule encompasses two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom to
conceive one water molecule. When a molecule is exposed at room temperature it
becomes a clear, odourless, tasteless liquid. Water is usually coloured
depending on its surroundings although in a clear environment it portrays a
clear liquids with a slight hint of blue. Water is used in science research as
a universal solvent as a lot of common chemicals dissolve in water. Therefore
water is found rarely in a pure state naturally.
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Water is a highly common substance that is renowned for its
properties to become all three states of matter this process is commonly used
in the water cycle in which rainwater is produced and utilised frequently for
agricultural purposes and for daily household uses. Its boiling point is 100°c
at sea level in which people boil water daily for sterilisation of possibly
infectious water sources. The regular uses for boiling water include cooking of
certain foodstuffs, cleaning and making delicious hot beverages. Whilst it
regularly known to boil at 100°C it depends on the barometric pressure of the
surrounding air that effects the boiling point of water. For example at sea
level 100°c is the boiling temperature but if you were strangely boiling water
at the summit of Mount Everest the boiling water temperature would be roughly
68°c.
Water has many amazing uses in the house of science and more
are still yet to be discovered. We should not be taking water for granted in
this society as many people do not have common access to water like us kiwis
do.
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beyondpenguins.ehe.osu.edu
WHY DO WE NEED WATER? By Scott Clark.
The human body needs water to stay alive. Our bodies are
made up of about 60% water, so when we don't drink that water, our body is
being depleted of what it needs most. Water helps our blood flow, helps us
eliminate waste and toxins.
Water helps
your body with the following:
·
Keeps its temperature normal.
·
Lubricates and cushions your joints.
·
Protects your spinal cord and other sensitive
tissues.
·
Gets rid of wastes through urination,
perspiration, and bowel movements.
·
The body is 80 % water, there is not a more important thing
we can put in our body. This ratio must be maintained for great health.
·
Water plays a vital role in pretty much everybody function
there is.
·
Water is needed for digestion, nutrient absorption and
chemical reactions.
·
Water is needed to keep the flow of blood going around the
body.
·
Water removes harmful toxins from the body.
·
Water keeps your bodies temperature at an average.
You need
water to replace what your body loses through normal everyday functions. Of
course, you lose water when you go to the bathroom or sweat, but you even lose
small amounts of water when you exhale. You need to replace this lost water to
prevent dehydration.
Your body
also needs more water when you are:
·
In hot climates.
·
More physically active.
· Running a fever.
To help you
stay hydrated during prolonged physical activity or when it is hot outside:
1. Drink
fluid while doing the exercise.
2. Drink
several glasses of water after physical activity is completed.
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WATER ISSUES-- Nathan Smith and Ethan Daniels
The main problem with water would be the scarcity, and in 3rd
world countries water is the most important thing to have, we’re going to cover
water issues in a few of these 3rd world countries.
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http://www.google.co.nz/search?safe=active&hl=en&biw=1920&bih=979&site=imghp&tbm=isch&q=India's+Water+issues&spell=1&sa=X&ei=1AuUUe_iDIudiAedrYGoBA&ved=0CE8QvwUoAA#imgrc=rcW7j_3kvq1UAM%3A%3BlZMdnxz5ikIftM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fassets.knowledge.allianz.com%252Fimg%252Fbath_holy_river_polution_india_q_48782.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fknowledge.allianz.com%252Fenvironment%252Fpollution%252F%253F88%252Findias-dilemma-economics-vs-environment%3B654%3B420
India
India’s growing population is putting a strain on the
country’s water resources. The country is classified as “water stressed” and a
water availability of 1,000-1,700 m3, per person, per year compared to NZ’s 560,000
million m3, per person, per year. According to UNICEF, in 2008 88% of the
population had access and was using improved drinking water sources. “Improved
drinking water source” is an ambiguous term, ranging in meaning from fully
treated and 24 hour availability to merely being piped through a city and occasionally
available. This is in part due to large inefficiencies in the water
infrastructure in which up to 40% of water leaks out.
In the same 2008 UNICEF report, it said that only 31% of the
population had access to sewers in urban areas. A little more than half of the
16 million residents of New Delhi, the capital city, have access to this
service. Every day, 950 million gallons of sewage flows from New Delhi into the
Yamuna River without any significant forms of treatment. This river bubbles
with methane and was found to have a faecal coliform count 100,000 times the
safe limit for bathing.
Because of surface water contamination due to lack of sewage
treatment and industrial discharge, groundwater is becoming increasingly relied
on and used in many regions of India. The process of recovering groundwater is being
sped up a lot by heavily subsidized energy costs for agriculture practices;
which take up roughly 80% of India’s water resource demand.
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